15th - 20th September 2009
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> Centers and communication in south-eastern Estonia during the Iron Age in the context of Early Modern Era maps
The paper focuses on the study of prehistoric roads and communication in south-eastern Estonia during the Iron Age (500 BC–1227 AD) using Early Modern maps from period between 1684–1839 and distribution of archaeological sites on landscape. Early Modern maps were digitally customized with today’s maps in order to locate historic main land roads on today’s landscape as precisely as possible. The maps were digitally registered with Earth’s coordinates in GIS software, and s! eparate map layers for roads on each map were created. After that the correlation of historic roads, archaeological sites and hill-forts as power centers was analyzed. The results of the research showed that during the first half of the Iron Age (500 BC–450 AD), the Migration Period (450–600 AD), and Previking and Viking Age (600–1050 AD) water routes dominated over land roads, in the Late Iron Age (1050–1227 AD) land roads became of more importance. The analyses concluded that the position and function of the hill-forts is very much defined by the landscape. Most of the hill-forts are situated on the edges of landscape regions, very often on the borders of large natural obstacles on the crossroads of land and water routes. Therefore one of the main functions of the hill-forts was to control and regulate traffic that enabled for the hill-forts strategically to distribute resources.
e-mail: martti.veldi@muinas.ee
CENTERS AND COMMUNICATION IN SOUTH-EASTERN ESTONIA DURING THE IRON AGE IN THE CONTEXT OF EARLY MODERN ERA MAPS
Martti VeldiThe paper focuses on the study of prehistoric roads and communication in south-eastern Estonia during the Iron Age (500 BC–1227 AD) using Early Modern maps from period between 1684–1839 and distribution of archaeological sites on landscape. Early Modern maps were digitally customized with today’s maps in order to locate historic main land roads on today’s landscape as precisely as possible. The maps were digitally registered with Earth’s coordinates in GIS software, and s! eparate map layers for roads on each map were created. After that the correlation of historic roads, archaeological sites and hill-forts as power centers was analyzed. The results of the research showed that during the first half of the Iron Age (500 BC–450 AD), the Migration Period (450–600 AD), and Previking and Viking Age (600–1050 AD) water routes dominated over land roads, in the Late Iron Age (1050–1227 AD) land roads became of more importance. The analyses concluded that the position and function of the hill-forts is very much defined by the landscape. Most of the hill-forts are situated on the edges of landscape regions, very often on the borders of large natural obstacles on the crossroads of land and water routes. Therefore one of the main functions of the hill-forts was to control and regulate traffic that enabled for the hill-forts strategically to distribute resources.
e-mail: martti.veldi@muinas.ee
